Coal and gas range



E. P. COLE.

COAL AND GAS RANGE.

bPPUCATlON FILED MARAZY, I917- 1,344,755. Patented June 29, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET i,

E. P. COLE.

COAL AND GAS RANGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.27. 1911.

1,344,755. Patented June 29, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET jazz; 461W 4? 04 UNITED STATES,

'EDWARD P. COLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COAL AND GAS itAnGE.

Application filed March 27, 1917. Serial No. 1571.610.

iiscful lii'ip'roveinents in Coal and Gas Ranges, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to combination gas and coal ranges which are adapted to use either coal or gas as 'a'fuel, and more particularly relates to the gas burnin system for heating the oven of such a range. Various combinations of this general character are known, many of which include a removable burner pipe and burner secured to and associated with a deflecting plate arranged to be inserted in the lower part of the oven, this making a heavy and unwieldy structi-ii-e wl icli it is difficult for a housekeeper to handle. In other combinations a gas burner is permanently arranged in a circular opening atthebottom of the oven, but commonly the burner used is one variety or another of the ordinary star or circular types having a punctured. or slitted burner member which burns the gas in jets, and which necessitate a relatively large opening and the admission of a relatively largevol nine of cold air to secure proper combustion, which very materially diminishes the heating effect of the flame and reduces the efficiency of the burner. By the use of a Bunsen burner in my improved stove, as hereinafter described, the entrance and circulation of this large excess of air through the oven is prevented, and the oven rendered quicker to heat, more economical in con sumption gas and mort ellicient generally. A. further feature of my invention is the circulation of burnt gases downwardly through a space betweenthe back wall of the oven and the flue, giving a greater heating effect and preventing the too hasty escape of the exhaust gases in the line. This circulation is permitted through the automatic opening of a dooror gate in a wall between the space mentioned and-the flue, as hereinafter described. Other features of my invention consist in the arrangement and construction of parts whereby I attain various advantages which will be apparent from the description hereinafter given, and. which contribute, to the;:product'ion Rand embodiment of a useful and desirable combination range of the general Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29 1920.

character above mentioned, the essential elemerits of my invention being more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a, central vertical section from side to side of a conibinatioii range embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2&2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a similar section onthe line 3-3 of Fig. 1'; and Fig; ,4 "is a cross sectibn, or section from front to rear, on the line 44 of Fig. 2. p The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures of thedrawmg.

To afford a basis for explanation of the parts to which the present invention particularly relates, a brief description of the general coi'istruction of the combined range will first be given. It will be understood that the stove is constructed of various cast and sheet metal parts making up the framework, walls, doors, etc), secured together, or liinged, as the case may be, by bolts,screws, rivets, or other suitable means, andtli'at the particular form and number of parts is immaterial, except so far asthey contribute to forming a structure 'exl'iibiting the relation of wa ls, passages, chambers, etc, now to be described. H

The fire-box section of the stove is divided into a fire-box l, supplied through a suitable covered feed chute 2,,and an ashpit 3 separated by a suitable rocking grate 4 from the fire-box, doors being provided "for access'to the lire-box and ash pit, and a suitable damper being provided to govern the draft. At the side of the fire-box section, the oven 5 is arranged, the top wall 6 of the oven being below the top plate 7 of the stove frame structure, thus leaving a space between the two constituting a part of the flue passage. The wall-8 of the oven oppositethe fire-box is likewise spaced inwardly from the adjacent outer wall!) of the stove, and the bottom wall 10 of the oven is supported above the outer base wall 11 of the stove, the space between the oven walls and the outer frame and easing walls being continuous and forming parts of the fine passages, In practice the top andboth sides of the oven may conveniently be formed of a single sheet of metal bent on transverse lines and lying between the front outer wall of the stove and the rear wall thereof, the forwardoven walls being formed with marginal flanges by means of which they are riveted to the front and rear walls of the stove, and the bottom of the oven may be formed of a metal sheet riveted to the side oven walls and-to the front and rear walls of the stove structure. Below the oven the flue space is divided by a diagonal partition 12 extending from below the rear end of the wall 8 to a cylindrical partition 13 which surrounds an opening extending through the bottom or base wall of the stove and opening into the oven. The partition 12, with the cylindrical partition 13, together form a continuous barrier causing a deflection of the products of combustion around the cylindrical partition. At the rear of the stove and below the side of the oven adjacent the fire-box section, the space between the oven and bottom wall of the stove communicates through a large opening with the bottom of the back smoke flue section 15. This smoke flue section is a vertical rectangular pipe or casing, the front wall of which is contiguous with the rear wall of the stove casing structure, except for the opening at the bottom, and which at the top is formed with the usual pipe collar. The products of combustion, it will be observed, following the path of the arrows, pass from the fire-box 1, over the top of the oven, down the side opposite the firebox, under the bottom, and enter the smoke flue at one side of the rear of the oven. All the parts thus far described, it will. be understood, excepting that the opening 13 is relatively small in size as compared with previous structures, are old in the art.

Describing now the parts to which my invention more particularly relates, the sides of the oven near the bottom thereof are equipped with guides 17 for the reception oil? a removable wire rack 18, to the under side of which is attached a shield 19 consisting of opposite sheet metal facings and an interposed layer of asbestos, secured. together, and below the shield a hollow castiron flame-spreader or deflecting plate 20 of widely flaring bell-shape, as illustrated. The rack, shield and spreading plate are bolted or otherwise secured together, so that they can be removed as a whole. The axis oi the deflecting plate is coaxial with the opening of the partition 18, and its lower I end is arranged about on a level with the top of such. opening, in proper position to act most efliciently as a spreader for a gas flame below it in the opening. This deflecting plate, or flame-spreader, is directly acted upon by the flame, but owing to its spreading hollow form the heat imparted to it is to some extent conveyed by conduction outwardly to and along its line of contact with the shield, so that the heat is quite evenly distributed. The distribution of heat is further equalized by the conductive action of the sheet metal facings of the shield, on

opposite sides of the asbestos lining, the facings serving to distribute the heat laterally, and the lining serving to battle, to some extent, a direct upward movement of the heat rays, so that a very uniform distribution of heat to the oven is attained.

The single port Bunsen burner 21 which I employ is arranged centrally in the opening 13 at the end of the burner pipe 22, which pipe is connected with the gassupply pipe 23 through a mixing valve 24 by means oi which a mixture of gas and air 18 supplied to the burner. A suitable and effective valve for the purpose is the valve known commercially as the Hale gas mixer, constructed under United States Patent No. 970,919, which operates to properly proportion the amount of air with respect to the gas in the mixture as the valve is turned onor ofi. The burner tube is preferably formed with an internal bead or constriction near the outlet, and adjacent the outlet the inner wall of the tube is beveled or cut away, the formation of the parts in this manner acting to increase the velocity of the stream of mixture at the burning point, in the manner of a Venturi tube. This arrangement produces a single jet blue flame of the highest possible temperature, which is spread by the deflecting plate 20 in a solid sheet of flame practically filling the entrance into the oven in such manner as to distribute the heat evenly through and around the shield and produce a proper baking effect with a minimum consumption of gas. Since all the air needed for combustion is supplied by the mixing valve, the opening 13 need be relatively small and practically no air is heated and carried uncombined past the flame into and through the oven.

in order to enable the gas to be lighted by hand, an opening is formed through the circular deflector and asbestos shield which may be opened and closed by a sliding plate 26 or other suitable closure, to give access to the burner and permit a match to be applied. I have further provided, however, a convenient lighter of well-known constrm tion, consisting of a tube 35 which at the end adjacent the burner is formed with a jet oriflee 1'36 approi-iimately in alinement with the burner orifice and a short distance below the same. A push-button *alve 37 is provided which is constructed to permit the continuous passage of a minute flow of gas at the jet orifice, which is kept constantly lighted, thus maintaining a very small plate, are removed; and that these parts are replaced in the oven when gas is to be used as fuel. A small lid adapted to rest in a seat at the top of the opening 13 is provided, which lid is removed when gas is to be used, and is placed in position'to cover the opening when the range is being used with coal.

The rear wall of the oven is formed by a sheet of metal 27 which is spaced inwardly a short distance from the rear outer wall of the stove structure, thus providing a space 28 between the oven and the back stove wall and back smoke flue, which latter, as before stated, is contiguous with a part of such stove wall. The top of this rear oven wall is provided with a number of large openings 29 providing free communication be tween the oven and the space back thereof, and at the lower end of the space 28 and opposite the back flue an opening 30 is provided, large enough to afford free communication with such flue. This opening is opened and closed by a cover 31 which stands normally closed when coal is being used and the rack 18 is removed, but which is automatically opened by the insertion of such rack preparatory to burning gas. To this end the door 31, pivoted in a frame 32 se cured in an opening in the wall between the back of the stove structure and the smoke line, is weighted so that it will normally seat in the frame and close the opening. The door is provided with a downwardly extending finger or lever 33 lying in the path of a projection consisting of a loop 34 extending rearwardly from the rack 18, which loop, when the rack 18 is pushed rearwardly to its normal position in the guides 17 will extend through a slot in the rear oven wall 27 and contact the finger 33 so as to open the door and maintain it open so long as the rack is in place. This arrangement of a downward draft at the back wall holds the heat in the oven, utilizes to the greatest extent the heat in the gases, and prevents their too speedy escapement into the flue.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the design and construction of the parts of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof, and my claims are therefore not limited to the specific form and design of elements above described.

I claim:

1. In a combined coal and gas range having an oven and a flue passage between the bottom of the oven and the outer bottom wall of the stove and a circular partition extending from said stove bottom to said oven bottom and forming a circular opening into oven and a single port burner arranged within said opening, means for distributing the heat of the burner comprising a flaring heat-conductive metal flame-spreaderhaving its apex extending into said opening adjacent said burner and a laminated shield having highly conductive and relatively nonconductive layers in contact with said flamespreader.

2. A range according to claim 1 in which said shield consists of a layer of asbestos interposed between metal sheets.

3. In a combined coal and gas range having an oven and a smoke-fiue and formed with an intermediate chamber adjacent and coextensive with the vertical rear wall of the oven and arranged intermediate such wall and the flue, said oven wall communicating at its top with said intermediate chamber, a door adjacent the bottom of said intermediate space governing communication between such space and the smoke-flue, a gas burner arranged to discharge its products of combustion into the bottom of the oven, and a rack insertible into said oven and arranged to open and close said door.

4. In a combined coal and gas range having an oven and a sm0ke-flue and formed with an intermediate chamber adjacent and coextensive with the vertical rear wall of the oven and arranged intermediate such wall and the flue, said oven wall communicating at its top with said intermediate chamber, a door adjacent the bottom of said intermediate space governing communication between such space and the smoke-flue, a gas burner arranged to discharge its products of combustion through an opening into the bottom of the oven, a sliding rack equipped with a flame-spreader arranged to be inserted in guides adjacent the bottom of the oven, said door being arranged to be opened and closed by said rack.

5. In a combined coal and gas range having an oven and a smoke-flue and formed with an intermediate chamber adjacent and coextensive with the vertical rear wall of the oven and arranged intermediate such wall and the flue, said oven wall communicating at its top with said intermediate chamber, a door normally held closed by gravity adjacent the bottom of said interme- EDWARD P. COLE. 

